Tutorial 2

i) TCP/IP 

• stands for Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol.
• It defines how electronic devices (like computers) should be connected over the Internet, and how data should be transmitted between them.

TCP - Transmission Control Protocol TCP

• Is responsible for breaking data down into small packets before they can be sent over a network, and for assembling the packets again when they arrive.

IP - Internet Protocol IP

• Takes care of the communication between computers. 
• It is responsible for addressing, sending and receiving the data packets over the Internet.

Web browsers and servers use TCP/IP protocols to connect to the Internet. 

Common TCP/IP protocols are:

a) HTTP - Hyper Text Transfer Protocol

• HTTP takes care of the communication between a web server and a web browser. HTTP is used for sending requests from a web client (a browser) to a web server, returning web content (web pages) from the server back to the client.

b) HTTPS - Secure HTTP

• HTTPS takes care of secure communication between a web server and a web browser. HTTPS typically handles credit card transactions and other sensitive data.

c) FTP - File Transfer Protocol

• FTP takes care of transmission of files between computers.

ii) Differences between server side code and client side code
a) Scalability Client 
Side code has better scalability than server side code. Client-side code has less work done on server while server-side code needed web-based 3-tier architecture can scale out.

b) Accessibility Client
Side code has better user experience. But, server-side code can reach the internet from any browser, any device, any time, anywhere.

c) Manageability Client 
Side code create UL constructs not inherent in HTML, but server-side code does not require distribution of application code and easy to change code.

iii) Three Network Scopes
a) Internet
The internet is a global network of interconnected networks, connecting private, public and university networks in one cohesive unit. The content is global and accessed through the Web.

b) Intranet
An intranet is a private enterprise network that uses internet and web technologies for information gathering and distribution within an organization. The content is shared and accessed by members within a single organization.

c) Extranet
An extranet is a community of interest created by extending an intranet to selected entities external to an organization. The content is shared and accessed by groups through cross-enterprise boundaries.